{"id":5357,"date":"2021-05-30T12:43:46","date_gmt":"2021-05-30T05:43:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/?p=5357"},"modified":"2021-05-30T12:43:46","modified_gmt":"2021-05-30T05:43:46","slug":"bien-the-sars-cov-2-tro-thanh-sieu-lay-nhiem-khi-co-su-kien-sieu-lan-rong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/2021\/05\/30\/bien-the-sars-cov-2-tro-thanh-sieu-lay-nhiem-khi-co-su-kien-sieu-lan-rong\/","title":{"rendered":"Bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 SARS-CoV-2 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh si\u00eau l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n si\u00eau lan r\u1ed9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Theo GS.TS Phan Tr\u1ecdng L\u00e2n \u2013 Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur TP.HCM, \u0111\u1ec3 virus SARS-CoV-2 lan r\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n si\u00eau l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/h2>\n
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Di\u0323ch COVID-19 \u0111ang co\u0301 nh\u01b0\u0303ng di\u00ea\u0303n bi\u00ea\u0303n kho\u0301 l\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng, \u01a1\u0309 n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c ta li\u00ean tu\u0323c ghi nh\u00e2\u0323n ca\u0301c bi\u00ea\u0301n th\u00ea\u0309 m\u01a1\u0301i, s\u00f4\u0301 l\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng ca b\u00ea\u0323nh \u0111ang gia t\u0103ng trong nh\u01b0\u0303ng nga\u0300y qua \u0111\u0103\u0323c bi\u00ea\u0323t la\u0300 ta\u0323i ca\u0301c khu v\u01b0\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m no\u0301ng nh\u01b0 B\u0103\u0301c Giang, B\u0103\u0301c Ninh\u2026<\/p>\n

Chu\u0301ng t\u00f4i \u0111a\u0303 co\u0301 cu\u00f4\u0323c tro\u0300 chuy\u00ea\u0323n cu\u0300ng GS.TS Phan Tro\u0323ng L\u00e2n \u2013 Vi\u00ea\u0323n tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng Vi\u00ea\u0323n Pasteur TP.HCM v\u00ea\u0300 v\u00e2\u0301n \u0111\u00ea\u0300 na\u0300y.<\/p>\n

Th\u01b0a GS.TS Phan Tro\u0323ng L\u00e2n, th\u00f4ng qua ca\u0301c k\u00ea\u0301t qua\u0309 gia\u0309i tri\u0300nh t\u01b0\u0323 gen t\u01b0\u0300 ca\u0301c m\u00e2\u0303u b\u00ea\u0323nh ph\u00e2\u0309m g\u00e2\u0300n \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u00e2\u0301y n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c ta \u0111a\u0303 ghi nh\u00e2\u0323n s\u01b0\u0323 xu\u00e2\u0301t hi\u00ea\u0323n cu\u0309a ca\u0301c bi\u00ea\u0301n th\u00ea\u0309 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i \u0111a\u0301nh gia\u0301 la\u0300 “nguy hi\u00ea\u0309m” nh\u01b0 bi\u00ea\u0301n th\u00ea\u0309 Anh, bi\u00ea\u0301n th\u00ea\u0309 \u00c2\u0301n \u0110\u00f4\u0323\u2026 V\u00e2\u0323y co\u0301 pha\u0309i SARS-CoV-2 \u0111ang tr\u01a1\u0309 n\u00ean nguy hi\u00ea\u0309m h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0a \u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c virus n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 virus SARS-CoV-2 n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh, sau nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a gen, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 gen di truy\u1ec1n so v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 gen ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a virus, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen.<\/p>\n

Khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m t\u0103ng nhanh, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh virus sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng gia t\u0103ng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen c\u1ee7a virus c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 28 ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean gen c\u1ee7a virus SARS-CoV-2. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a virus, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m, gi\u00fap virus c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1ea9n tr\u00e1nh h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch hay la\u0300m t\u0103ng kha\u0309 n\u0103ng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO) chia c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a SARS-CoV-2 l\u00e0m 2 nh\u00f3m l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1ng quan t\u00e2m (VOIs) v\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1ng quan ng\u1ea1i (VOCs). Bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1ng quan t\u00e2m (VOIs) khi c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3u h\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 1 gen v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i acid amin li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3u h\u00ecnh; v\u00e0 g\u00e2y l\u00e2y lan d\u1ecbch trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ca\/ch\u00f9m ca b\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng l\u00fac; ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1ng quan ng\u1ea1i (VOCs) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y lan; l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5 COVID-19 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c; t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1ef1c vi r\u00fat\/l\u00e0m n\u1eb7ng l\u00ean bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng; gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p y t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng; hay gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vaccine, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1ng quan ng\u1ea1i (VOCs) bao g\u1ed3m: Bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 B.1.1.7 (ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Anh) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn \u1edf 155 qu\u1ed1c gia, Bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 B.1.351 (\u1edf Nam Phi) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn \u1edf 111 qu\u1ed1c gia, Bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 P.1 (\u1edf Brazil) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn \u1edf 62 qu\u1ed1c gia, v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 B.1.617 (\u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn \u1edf 63 qu\u1ed1c gia. Theo WHO, c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf th\u00edch nghi s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u0169 theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ngay t\u1eeb khi v\u1ee5 d\u1ecbch b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 mang \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn D614G v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 03\/2020 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u1ec1, ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c VOCs nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 B.1.1.7 v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 B.1.351 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10\/2020 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb Anh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 B.1.617 t\u1eeb \u1ed5 d\u1ecbch Y\u00ean B\u00e1i, H\u00e0 Nam.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1ng quan ng\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh th\u00ec sau 1 th\u1eddi gian s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u00e0m cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

GS.TS Phan Tro\u0323ng L\u00e2n \u2013 Vi\u00ea\u0323n tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng Vi\u00ea\u0323n Pasteur TP.HCM.<\/p>\n

V\u00e2\u0323y s\u01b0\u0323 xu\u00e2\u0301t hi\u00ea\u0323n nh\u01b0\u0303ng bi\u00ea\u0301n th\u00ea\u0309 cu\u0309a SARS-VoV-2 co\u0301 ta\u0301c \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng nh\u01b0 th\u00ea\u0301 na\u0300o \u0111\u00ea\u0301n c\u00f4ng ta\u0301c pho\u0300ng, ch\u00f4\u0301ng, ng\u0103n ch\u0103\u0323n s\u01b0\u0323 l\u00e2y lan cu\u0309a \u0111a\u0323i di\u0323ch COVID-19 th\u01b0a Gia\u0301o s\u01b0?<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 SARS-CoV-2 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu tr\u00ean 5 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n l\u00e0: kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y lan, \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m, tr\u00e1nh mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 kha\u0309 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y lan: M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau, qua nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 B.1.1.7 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn 70% so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u0169, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh v\u01a1\u0301i bi\u00ea\u0309n th\u00ea\u0309 cu\u0303 trung b\u00ecnh s\u1ebd l\u00e2y cho 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 B.1.1.7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y cho \u0111\u1ebfn 7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 B.1.351 (Nam Phi), P.1 (Brazil), B.1.617 (\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9) c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c WHO b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m. Do v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y lan d\u1ecbch t\u0103ng theo c\u1ea5p s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb: Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u01b0\u0300 WHO v\u00e0 CDC Hoa K\u1ef3, bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 B.1.1.7 (\u1edf Anh) c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eed vong. Theo WHO, bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 B.1.351 (Nam Phi) c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 t\u1eed vong trong b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 P.1 (Brazil) c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n virus \u1edf M\u1ef9, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 30%; ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 co\u0301 kho\u1ea3ng 70% b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng sau nhi\u1ec5m SARS-CoV-2. \u1ede nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, trong \u0111o\u0301 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 20% m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng va\u0300 c\u00f3 5% l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng (s\u1ed1c, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ch\u1ee9ng n\u0103ng \u0111a c\u01a1 quan, suy h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p\u2026). Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 ca m\u1eafc t\u0103ng l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec s\u1ebd g\u00e2y qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng y t\u1ebf, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 ca t\u1eed vong.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m: Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a GISAID (S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u chia s\u1ebb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ec7nh c\u00fam) c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ng\u00e0y 21\/05\/2021, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ed3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn d\u00f9ng cho ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng realtime RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 hi\u00ea\u0323n nay kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 m\u1edbi g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i gen \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh virus do v\u1eady gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a SARS-CoV-2 v\u1eabn \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u00ean v\u1eabn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u00e2m t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 khi bi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vaccine: Theo WHO, c\u00e1c vaccine COVID-19 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 vi r\u00fat m\u1edbi v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Do \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a virus s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m cho vaccine m\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i vaccine n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3, th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a vaccine \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a virus c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a vaccine c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo d\u00f5i, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n

V\u00e2\u0323y tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c nh\u01b0\u0303ng di\u00ea\u0303n bi\u00ea\u0301n ph\u01b0\u0301c ta\u0323p va\u0300 kho\u0301 l\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng cu\u0309a ti\u0300nh hi\u0300nh di\u0323ch b\u00ea\u0323nh tr\u00ean th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i, ca\u0301c n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c trong khu v\u01b0\u0323c cu\u0303ng nh\u01b0 ta\u0323i n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c ta hi\u00ea\u0323n nay, chu\u0301ng ta c\u00e2\u0300n pha\u0309i la\u0300m gi\u0300 \u0111\u00ea\u0309 ba\u0309o \u0111a\u0309m an toa\u0300n cho chi\u0301nh ba\u0309n th\u00e2n, gia \u0111i\u0300nh va\u0300 c\u00f4\u0323ng \u0111\u00f4\u0300ng tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c nguy c\u01a1 di\u0323ch b\u00ea\u0323nh?<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m l\u00e2y qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o 3 m\u1eafc x\u00edch: M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m, hai l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n, ba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec5m. N\u1ebfu m\u1eaft x\u00edch n\u00e0o ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa nh\u1eefng m\u1eafc x\u00edch c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec5m b\u1eb1ng vaccine, hi\u1ec7n nay, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf \u0111ang n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 vaccine cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng ti\u00eam cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong di\u1ec7n ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u00eam s\u1edbm v\u00e0 ti\u00eam \u0111\u1ee7 li\u1ec1u theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Khi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 bao ph\u1ee7 vaccine cao, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng, t\u1eed vong m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m SARS-CoV2, ng\u0103n l\u00e2y lan v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m, hi\u1ec7n nay, n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u00e1c ca nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3nh theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh ng\u1ea1ch, tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3nh tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9 qu\u00e1 c\u1ea3nh qua Vi\u1ec7t Nam, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ea5t d\u1ea5u, kh\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e2y; ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 trong c\u00e1c khu c\u00e1ch ly t\u1eadp trung, c\u00e1ch ly t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0, l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p F0, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, kho\u1ea3ng 60% tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p mang virus, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh mang vi r\u00fat \u0111i l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m b\u1ec7nh d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u00e2y lan v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi c\u00e1c ca F0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, truy v\u1ebft, khoanh v\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ly ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac (F1).<\/p>\n

Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u1ed5 d\u1ecbch, khi ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n (Ro) l\u00e0 2,5, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i truy v\u1ebft \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 70% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac; c\u00f2n khi Ro l\u00e0 3,5 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i truy v\u1ebft \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 90% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ebfn 7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c truy v\u1ebft, ph\u1ea3i \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 “th\u1ea7n t\u1ed1c, th\u1ea7n t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n t\u1ed1c” ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00f3t ca n\u00e0o. Th\u01b0\u0323c t\u00ea\u0301 cho th\u00e2\u0301y, n\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 F0 v\u00e0 F1 trong v\u00f2ng 24 gi\u1edd th\u00ec s\u1ebd gi\u00fap h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00e2y lan th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n:<\/p>\n

D\u00f9 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u00ea\u0309 hi\u1ec7n nay g\u00e2y l\u00e2y lan nhanh, c\u00e1ch ly v\u1eabn l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m, c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2y c\u1ee7a SARS-CoV2. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1ch ly, gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan virus l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111eo kh\u1ea9u trang, gi\u1ea3m kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch, c\u00e1ch ly ki\u1ec3m d\u1ecbch, c\u00e1ch ly y t\u1ebf cho \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e3n c\u00e1ch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ly ki\u1ec3m d\u1ecbch (F1, F2, c\u00e1ch ly t\u1eadp trung, c\u00e1ch ly \u1edf nh\u00e0) l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kho\u1ebb, do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly, gi\u1eef kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng; n\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nguy c\u01a1 cao ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac th\u00ec d\u1ec5 l\u00e2y cho nhau.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 virus SARS-CoV 2 lan r\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o “s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n si\u00eau l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m”, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, h\u1ecd mang m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng virus \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 si\u00eau l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m do c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi r\u00fat l\u00e2y lan.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c bu\u1ed5i ti\u1ec7c v\u00e0 m\u1eddi 30 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ch, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi nguy c\u01a1 cao trong c\u00e1c b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n nh\u01b0: giao l\u01b0u \u0111i l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u, t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi; \u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00e2u trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng gian k\u00edn, k\u00e9m th\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, n\u00f3i to, trong th\u1eddi gian l\u00e2u…l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m SARS-CoV-2, \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n si\u00eau l\u00e2y lan. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta ng\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n si\u00eau l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 d\u1ecbch kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u1ea7n \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi nguy c\u01a1 n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nghi\u00eam quy t\u1eafc 5K: \u0110eo Kh\u1ea9u trang \u2013 Kh\u1eed khu\u1ea9n \u2013 Gi\u1eef Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n \u2013 Kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung \u2013 Khai b\u00e1o y t\u1ebf th\u00ec cho d\u00f9 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a SARS-CoV-2 c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y lan.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Theo GS.TS Phan Tr\u1ecdng L\u00e2n \u2013 Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur TP.HCM, \u0111\u1ec3 virus SARS-CoV-2 lan r\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n si\u00eau l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. Di\u0323ch COVID-19 \u0111ang co\u0301 nh\u01b0\u0303ng di\u00ea\u0303n bi\u00ea\u0303n kho\u0301 l\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng, \u01a1\u0309 n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c ta li\u00ean tu\u0323c ghi nh\u00e2\u0323n ca\u0301c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5233,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"limit_modified_date":"","last_modified_date":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[235],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5357","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-phong-chong-covid-19"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5357","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5357"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5357\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5359,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5357\/revisions\/5359"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5233"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5357"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5357"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5357"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}