{"id":31617,"date":"2025-03-28T17:17:27","date_gmt":"2025-03-28T10:17:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/?p=31617"},"modified":"2025-03-28T17:21:15","modified_gmt":"2025-03-28T10:21:15","slug":"bo-y-te-huong-dan-moi-nhat-chan-doan-dieu-tri-benh-soi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/2025\/03\/28\/bo-y-te-huong-dan-moi-nhat-chan-doan-dieu-tri-benh-soi\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y 26\/3\/2025, \u00a0B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ban h\u00e0nh t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi. T\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m, ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

7 y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 nguy co\u031b d\u1eabn t\u1edbi di\u00ea\u0303n ti\u00ea\u0301n n\u1ea1\u0306ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh do GS.TS Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Thu\u1ea5n – Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Y khoa Qu\u1ed1c gia k\u00fd, B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf n\u00eau r\u00f5: b\u1eb9\u0302nh s\u1edfi\u00a0la\u0300 b\u1eb9\u0302nh truy\u00ea\u0300n nhi\u00ea\u0303m c\u00e2\u0301p ti\u0301nh, la\u0302y lan ma\u0323nh do virus s\u1edfi\u00a0ga\u0302y ra, b\u1eb9\u0302nh co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 ga\u0302y ca\u0301c bi\u00ea\u0301n ch\u01b0\u0301ng n\u1ea1\u0306ng d\u00e2\u0303n \u0111\u00ea\u0301n t\u01b0\u0309 vong, b\u1eb9\u0302nh thu\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng g\u1ea1\u0306p \u01a1\u0309 tre\u0309 du\u031b\u01a1\u0301i 3 tu\u00f4\u0309i, ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i l\u01a1\u0301n chu\u031ba tie\u0302m ho\u1ea1\u0306c tie\u0302m pho\u0300ng kho\u0302ng \u0111\u00e2\u0300y \u0111u\u0309 cu\u0303ng co\u0301 nguy co\u031b m\u0103\u0301c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo T\u00f4\u0309 ch\u01b0\u0301c Y t\u00ea\u0301 Th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i (WHO), virus s\u1edfi\u00a0\u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c pha\u0302n tha\u0300nh 8 nho\u0301m (A-H) va\u0300 23 ki\u00ea\u0309u gen, h\u00f4\u0303 tr\u01a1\u0323 theo do\u0303i s\u01b0\u0323 la\u0302y lan di\u0323ch b\u1eb9\u0302nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u01a1\u0309i la\u0302y qua \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng kho\u0302ng khi\u0301, gio\u0323t b\u0103\u0301n ho\u1ea1\u0306c ti\u00ea\u0301p xu\u0301c tr\u01b0\u0323c ti\u00ea\u0301p v\u01a1\u0301i di\u0323ch ti\u00ea\u0301t ho\u0302 h\u00e2\u0301p. Ca\u0301c tri\u1eb9\u0302u ch\u01b0\u0301ng \u0111i\u00ea\u0309n hi\u0300nh bao g\u00f4\u0300m s\u00f4\u0301t, vie\u0302m long \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng ho\u0302 h\u00e2\u0301p, vie\u0302m k\u00ea\u0301t ma\u0323c va\u0300 pha\u0301t ban. B\u1eb9\u0302nh co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 ga\u0302y bi\u00ea\u0301n ch\u01b0\u0301ng nguy hi\u00ea\u0309m nhu\u031b vie\u0302m ph\u00f4\u0309i, vie\u0302m na\u0303o, vie\u0302m tai gi\u01b0\u0303a, vie\u0302m loe\u0301t gia\u0301c ma\u0323c ho\u1ea1\u0306c tie\u0302u cha\u0309y, th\u1ea1\u0302m chi\u0301 t\u01b0\u0309 vong.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00e2\u0309n \u0111oa\u0301n b\u1eb9\u0302nh s\u1edfi\u00a0thu\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng d\u01b0\u0323a va\u0300o xe\u0301t nghi\u1eb9\u0302m kha\u0301ng th\u00ea\u0309 IgM, trong \u0111o\u0301 50-70% tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng h\u01a1\u0323p du\u031bo\u031bng ti\u0301nh ngay t\u01b0\u0300 nga\u0300y \u0111\u00e2\u0300u pha\u0301t ban va\u0300 \u0111a\u0323t 100% sau 3 nga\u0300y pha\u0301t ban.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf n\u00eau r\u00f5: Vaccine s\u1edfi\u00a0co\u0301 hi\u1eb9\u0302u qua\u0309 pho\u0300ng b\u1eb9\u0302nh cao, ph\u00e2\u0300n l\u01a1\u0301n tre\u0309 b\u1eb9\u0302nh S\u01a1\u0309i la\u0300 chu\u031ba tie\u0302m ph\u00f2ng.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf n\u00eau r\u00f5: Vaccin s\u1edfi\u00a0co\u0301 hi\u1eb9\u0302u qua\u0309 pho\u0300ng b\u1eb9\u0302nh cao, ph\u00e2\u0300n l\u01a1\u0301n tre\u0309 b\u1eb9\u0302nh s\u1edfi\u00a0la\u0300 chu\u031ba tie\u0302m ph\u00f2ng vaccine s\u1edfi.\u00a0M\u1ea1\u0306c du\u0300 \u0111a\u0303 co\u0301 vaccine pho\u0300ng b\u1eb9\u0302nh, nhu\u031bng ty\u0309 l\u1eb9\u0302 m\u0103\u0301c s\u1edfi\u00a0hi\u1eb9\u0302n nay ta\u0323i Vi\u1eb9\u0302t Nam cu\u0303ng nhu\u031b tre\u0302n th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i v\u00e2\u0303n \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c WHO quan ta\u0302m, ti\u00ea\u0301p tu\u0323c coi la\u0300 v\u00e2\u0301n \u0111\u00ea\u0300 y t\u00ea\u0301 toa\u0300n c\u00e2\u0300u.<\/span><\/p>\n

Di\u00ea\u0303n bi\u00ea\u0301n la\u0302m sa\u0300ng th\u00ea\u0309 \u0111i\u00ea\u0309n hi\u0300nh c\u1ee7a s\u1edfi\u00a0th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua 4 giai \u0111oa\u0323n:<\/span><\/p>\n

– Giai \u0111oa\u0323n u\u0309 b\u1eb9\u0302nh: t\u01b0\u0300 7 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n 21 nga\u0300y (trung bi\u0300nh 10 nga\u0300y), tri\u1eb9\u0302u ch\u01b0\u0301ng xu\u00e2\u0301t hi\u1eb9\u0302n saukhi pho\u031bi nhi\u00ea\u0303m 10-14 nga\u0300y;<\/span><\/p>\n

– Giai \u0111oa\u0323n kh\u01a1\u0309i pha\u0301t (giai \u0111oa\u0323n vie\u0302m long): trong 2 – 4 nga\u0300y. Trong giai \u0111oa\u0323n na\u0300yngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i b\u1eb9\u0302nh s\u00f4\u0301t cao, vie\u0302m long \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng ho\u0302 h\u00e2\u0301p tre\u0302n (ho, cha\u0309y mu\u0303i) va\u0300 vie\u0302m k\u00ea\u0301t ma\u0323c. Co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 th\u00e2\u0301y ha\u0323t Koplik la\u0300 ca\u0301c ha\u0323t nho\u0309 co\u0301 ki\u0301ch thu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c 0,5 – 1 mm ma\u0300u tr\u0103\u0301ng\/xa\u0301mco\u0301 qu\u00e2\u0300ng ban \u0111o\u0309 n\u00f4\u0309i g\u00f4\u0300 le\u0302n tre\u0302n b\u00ea\u0300 m\u1ea1\u0306t nie\u0302m ma\u0323c ma\u0301 (phi\u0301a trong mi\u1eb9\u0302ng, ngang ra\u0306ngha\u0300m tre\u0302n). Ha\u0323t Koplik thu\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng xu\u00e2\u0301t hi\u1eb9\u0302n m\u1ecd\u0302t nga\u0300y tru\u031b\u01a1\u0301c pha\u0301t ban va\u0300 t\u00f4\u0300n ta\u0323i 2 – 3 nga\u0300ysau khi ban xu\u00e2\u0301t hi\u1eb9\u0302n;<\/span><\/p>\n

– Giai \u0111oa\u0323n toa\u0300n pha\u0301t: Ke\u0301o da\u0300i 2 – 5 nga\u0300y. Thu\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng sau khi s\u00f4\u0301t cao 3 – 4 nga\u0300y ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300ib\u1eb9\u0302nh b\u0103\u0301t \u0111\u00e2\u0300u pha\u0301t ban da\u0323ng da\u0301t s\u00e2\u0309n, khi ca\u0306ng da thi\u0300 ban bi\u00ea\u0301n m\u00e2\u0301t, xu\u00e2\u0301t hi\u1eb9\u0302n t\u01b0\u0300 sautai, sau ga\u0301y, tra\u0301n, m\u1ea1\u0306t, c\u00f4\u0309 d\u00e2\u0300n lan \u0111\u00ea\u0301n tha\u0302n mi\u0300nh va\u0300 t\u01b0\u0301 chi, ca\u0309 \u01a1\u0309 lo\u0300ng ba\u0300n tay va\u0300 ganba\u0300n cha\u0302n. Ban co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 h\u01a1\u0323p la\u0323i \u0111\u1ea1\u0306c bi\u1eb9\u0302t la\u0300 \u01a1\u0309 vu\u0300ng m\u1ea1\u0306t va\u0300 tha\u0302n mi\u0300nh. Khi ban mo\u0323c h\u00ea\u0301ttoa\u0300n tha\u0302n thi\u0300 tha\u0302n nhi\u1eb9\u0302t gia\u0309m d\u00e2\u0300n;<\/span><\/p>\n

– Giai \u0111oa\u0323n h\u00f4\u0300i phu\u0323c: Ban nha\u0323t ma\u0300u d\u00e2\u0300n r\u00f4\u0300i sang ma\u0300u xa\u0301m, bong va\u0309y ph\u00e2\u0301n s\u00e2\u0303m ma\u0300u,\u0111\u00ea\u0309 la\u0323i v\u00ea\u0301t tha\u0302m v\u0103\u0300n da h\u00f4\u0309 va\u0300 bi\u00ea\u0301n m\u00e2\u0301t theo th\u01b0\u0301 t\u01b0\u0323 nhu\u031b khi xu\u00e2\u0301t hi\u1eb9\u0302n. N\u00ea\u0301u kho\u0302ng xu\u00e2\u0301thi\u1eb9\u0302n bi\u00ea\u0301n ch\u01b0\u0301ng thi\u0300 b\u1eb9\u0302nh t\u01b0\u0323 kho\u0309i. Co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 co\u0301 ho ke\u0301o da\u0300i 1 – 2 tu\u00e2\u0300n sau khi h\u00ea\u0301t ban.<\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 nguy co\u031b b\u1eb9\u0302nh di\u00ea\u0303n ti\u00ea\u0301n n\u1ea1\u0306ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi<\/span><\/p>\n

– Tre\u0309 < 12 tha\u0301ng;<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i chu\u031ba tie\u0302m pho\u0300ng vaccne ho\u1ea1\u0306c tie\u0302m kho\u0302ng \u0111\u00e2\u0300y \u0111u\u0309;<\/span><\/p>\n

– Suy gia\u0309m mi\u00ea\u0303n di\u0323ch b\u00e2\u0309m sinh ho\u1ea1\u0306c m\u0103\u0301c pha\u0309i;<\/span><\/p>\n

– B\u1eb9\u0302nh n\u00ea\u0300n n\u1ea1\u0306ng;<\/span><\/p>\n

– Suy dinh du\u031b\u01a1\u0303ng n\u1ea1\u0306ng;<\/span><\/p>\n

– Thi\u00ea\u0301u vitamin A;<\/span><\/p>\n

– Phu\u0323 n\u01b0\u0303 mang thai.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0m x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m l\u1ea1i lu\u00f4n sau 72 gi\u1edd n\u1ebfu nghi ng\u1edd m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh s\u1edfi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Xe\u0301t nghi\u1eb9\u0302m huy\u00ea\u0301t thanh ho\u0323c: Xe\u0301t nghi\u1eb9\u0302m IgM t\u01b0\u0300 nga\u0300y th\u01b0\u0301 3 sau khi pha\u0301t ban. N\u00ea\u0301uxe\u0301t nghi\u1eb9\u0302m IgM S\u01a1\u0309i a\u0302m ti\u0301nh ma\u0300 tri\u1eb9\u0302u ch\u01b0\u0301ng la\u0302m sa\u0300ng v\u00e2\u0303n nghi ng\u01a1\u0300 S\u01a1\u0309i thi\u0300 co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309la\u0300m la\u0323i l\u00e2\u0300n 2 sau 72 gi\u01a1\u0300, ho\u1ea1\u0306c chi\u0309 \u0111i\u0323nh PCR S\u01a1\u0309i qua b\u1eb9\u0302nh ph\u00e2\u0309m di\u0323ch ty\u0323 h\u00e2\u0300u;<\/span><\/p>\n

Xe\u0301t nghi\u1eb9\u0302m PCR pha\u0301t hi\u1eb9\u0302n virus s\u1edfi:\u00a0Chi\u0309 \u0111i\u0323nh s\u01a1\u0301m trong giai \u0111oa\u0323n vie\u0302m long ho\u1ea1\u0306c trong 72 gi\u01a1\u0300 \u0111\u00e2\u0300u t\u01b0\u0300 khi pha\u0301t ban;<\/span><\/p>\n

Pha\u0302n l\u1ea1\u0302p virus t\u01b0\u0300 ma\u0301u va\u0300 di\u0323ch mu\u0303i ho\u0323ng trong giai \u0111oa\u0323n s\u01a1\u0301m cu\u0309a b\u1eb9\u0302nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo TS.BS H\u00e0 Anh \u0110\u1ee9c – C\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edfng C\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Kh\u00e1m ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh (B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf), h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, so v\u1edbi l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam “N\u1ebfu x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m IgM s\u1edfi \u00e2m t\u00ednh m\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng v\u1eabn nghi ng\u1edd s\u1edfi\u00a0th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n 2 sau 72 gi\u1edd, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh PCR S\u1edfi qua b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m d\u1ecbch t\u1ef5 h\u1ea7u”.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hay “Ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp virus t\u1eeb m\u00e1u v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch m\u0169i h\u1ecdng trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1edbm c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh”. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 mu\u1ed9n m\u1edbi l\u00e0m, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd n\u1ebfu nghi ng\u1edd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao th\u00ec th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n lu\u00f4n”- TS.BS H\u00e0 Anh \u0110\u1ee9c cho bi\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb S\u1edfi, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf n\u00eau r\u00f5, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 s\u1edfi\u00a0kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng:<\/span><\/p>\n