{"id":29074,"date":"2024-11-14T10:44:38","date_gmt":"2024-11-14T03:44:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/?p=29074"},"modified":"2024-11-14T10:45:36","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T03:45:36","slug":"bai-08-11-24","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/2024\/11\/14\/bai-08-11-24\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh (COPD) l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng vi\u00eam ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn \u1edf ph\u1ed5i.\u00a0COPD\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 th\u1edf, suy h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong. Theo T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO), \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u00f3 251 tri\u1ec7u ca m\u1eafc COPD tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u trong n\u0103m 2016, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 12% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 40 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean. Theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c, Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t COPD l\u00e0 9,4% v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng cao do t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0o, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0 h\u00f3a d\u00e2n s\u1ed1.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh\u00a0\u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0o. Theo c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u y khoa, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh COPD do h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n so v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c. Kho\u1ea3ng 20-30% s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00fat tr\u00ean 20 \u0111i\u1ebfu thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng s\u1edbm ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed9n c\u1ee7a COPD. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn\u00a0b\u1ec7nh COPD\u00a0b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean 35 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 80 \u2013 90% ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7n thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n m\u00e3n t\u00ednh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eafc COPD do ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3i b\u1ee5i \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i; Ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed m\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p nh\u01b0: hen suy\u1ec5n, vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n c\u1ea5p, b\u1ec7nh lao; Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, m\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng; Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 di truy\u1ec1n: Thi\u1ebfu men Alpha 1-Antitrypsin l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00e2y kh\u00ed ph\u1ebf th\u0169ng \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, t\u0103ng cao \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i c\u00e0ng d\u1ec5 m\u1eafc COPD.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c\u00a0tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh<\/em>\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ed5i. B\u1ec7nh di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n theo th\u1eddi gian. C\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ban \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p l\u00e0: <\/strong>Kh\u00f3 th\u1edf, th\u1edf kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t; T\u1ee9c ng\u1ef1c; Ho, ho khan, ho c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddm; S\u1ed1t nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u1edbn l\u1ea1nh; Nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean; Thi\u1ebfu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng; S\u01b0ng ph\u00f9 \u1edf m\u1eaft c\u00e1 ch\u00e2n, b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e2n. H\u00e2\u0300u h\u00ea\u0301t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng \u0111\u00ea\u0301n c\u01a1 s\u01a1\u0309 y t\u00ea\u0301 khi b\u00ea\u0323nh ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n giai \u0111oa\u0323n mu\u00f4\u0323n, ti\u0300nh tra\u0323ng t\u0103\u0301c nghe\u0303n \u0111a\u0303 n\u0103\u0323ng. Bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n n\u1eb7ng <\/strong>c\u1ee7a COPD<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>g\u1ed3m: Kh\u00f3 th\u1edf k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng d\u1ea7n; Th\u1edf kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8, th\u1edf r\u00edt; \u0110au t\u1ee9c, n\u1eb7ng ng\u1ef1c; \u0110au \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c n\u00f3i; M\u00f3ng tay, ch\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u xanh, m\u00e0u t\u00edm; R\u01a1i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng tha\u0301i l\u01a1 m\u01a1; Nh\u1ecbp tim nhanh, r\u00e2\u0301t nhanh; M\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, ch\u00e1n \u0103n, gi\u1ea3m c\u00e2n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch kh\u00e1c. H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00f3i thu\u1ed1c d\u00f9 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng hay th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0110eo kh\u1ea9u trang khi ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00f3i, b\u1ee5i. C\u1ea7n \u0111eo b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. V\u1ec7 sinh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Tr\u00e1nh l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t, v\u1ec7 sinh m\u0169i h\u1ecdng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p tr\u00ean; khi nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p th\u00ec c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft s\u1edbm v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ngay.<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1i th\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u0103ng huy\u1ebft \u00e1p, hen suy\u1ec5n.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 thao th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kh\u00e1m s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3: \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t COPD. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn chung, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng COPD l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng trong l\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3i thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 v\u00e0 b\u1ee5i b\u1eb7m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e1 ph\u1ed5i. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00a0ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng c\u00e1c v\u1eafc xin c\u00fam, ph\u1ebf c\u1ea7u khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh s\u1edbm, gi\u00fap qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.\/.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n Minh Th\u1eddi – Trung t\u00e2m Y t\u1ebf T\u1ecbnh Bi\u00ean<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh (COPD) l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng vi\u00eam ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn \u1edf ph\u1ed5i.\u00a0COPD\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 th\u1edf, suy h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong. Theo T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO), \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u00f3 251 tri\u1ec7u ca m\u1eafc COPD tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u trong n\u0103m […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":29075,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"limit_modified_date":"","last_modified_date":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[349,322],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29074","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bai-viet-dat-hang","category-cham-nhuan-but"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29074","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29074"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29074\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29077,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29074\/revisions\/29077"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29075"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29074"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29074"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29074"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}