{"id":19320,"date":"2023-03-15T10:30:29","date_gmt":"2023-03-15T03:30:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/?p=19320"},"modified":"2023-03-15T10:34:35","modified_gmt":"2023-03-15T03:34:35","slug":"nguy-co-nhiem-doc-methanol-trong-cuoc-song-va-cach-phong-tranh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/2023\/03\/15\/nguy-co-nhiem-doc-methanol-trong-cuoc-song-va-cach-phong-tranh\/","title":{"rendered":"Nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c methanol trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a methanol<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Methanol\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00ean d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn b\u1ecf qua. Do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a methanol c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng, v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0: M\u00ea-thi-l\u00edc, Alcohol methylique, Methyl alcohol, Methyl hydrate, Methyl hydroxide, Wood alcohol, Wood spirit, CH3-OH.<\/p>\n

Methanol \u1edf d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng trong su\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u (c\u00f3 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng). Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c methanol ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi methanol \u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e2u ?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Methanol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m dung m\u00f4i t\u1ea9y s\u01a1n, v\u00e9c ni, trong s\u01a1n, dung m\u00f4i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, lau ch\u00f9i, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf cho \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

Methanol l\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c u\u1ed1ng, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t k\u00e9m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, do l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t methanol nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\u00a0methanol\u00a0b\u1ecb \u201ctu\u1ed3n\u201d ra ngo\u00e0i, v\u00e0o tay k\u1ebb x\u1ea5u ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3ng chai th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i r\u01b0\u1ee3u r\u1edfm. Nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u1ed3n s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng, c\u1ed3n y t\u1ebf r\u1edfm v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c b\u1ecb l\u00e0m r\u1edfm, \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong, ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 di ch\u1ee9ng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c kh\u00e1m ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c methanol t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m Ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9c, BV B\u1ea1ch Mai.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, methanol l\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ebfn gia d\u1ee5ng, t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m phi ph\u00e1p, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m r\u1edfm. Do l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\u00a0c\u1ed3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\u00a0methanol r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t r\u1ebb n\u00ean c\u1ed3n methanol r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb k\u1ebb x\u1ea5u d\u00f9ng thay cho ethanol, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ethanol c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3 (thay v\u00ec ch\u1ee9a ethanol, nay l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb thay b\u1eb1ng methanol) v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c\/nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c methanol x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3<\/strong><\/p>\n

Methanol \u1edf d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p thu v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a (ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do u\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i r\u01b0\u1ee3u r\u1edfm, c\u1ed3n s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng r\u1edfm) v\u00e0 qua da (do ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch c\u1ed3n s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng tr\u00ean da ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng c\u1ed3n r\u1edfm ch\u1ee9a methanol \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n da r\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n) ho\u1eb7c qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p (do h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i h\u01a1i, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a c\u1ed3n methanol v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho ph\u00e9p).<\/p>\n

Methanol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 th\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb ch\u1eadm, g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c c\u0169ng ch\u1eadm n\u00ean khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00edt nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i (hay g\u1eb7p trong lao \u0111\u1ed9ng) s\u1ebd t\u00edch l\u0169y d\u1ea7n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y sau. Ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi methanol li\u1ec1u cao m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u1edbi 1-2 ng\u00e0y sau m\u1edbi bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a methanol<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c\/nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh<\/i>: M\u1edd m\u1eaft, gi\u1ea3m th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c, m\u00f9, \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u, bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, n\u00f4n, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u00fd th\u1ee9c, h\u00f4n m\u00ea, co gi\u1eadt, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e3o, nhi\u1ec5m toan chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a, s\u1ed1c, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111a t\u1ea1ng, t\u1eed vong ho\u1eb7c di ch\u1ee9ng m\u00f9 m\u1eaft, gi\u1ea3m th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c, h\u00f4n m\u00ea, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng,\u2026<\/p>\n

– Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c\/nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh<\/i>: \u0110au \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t, cho\u00e1ng v\u00e1ng, m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7, vi\u00eam k\u1ebft m\u1ea1c, nh\u00ecn m\u1edd, m\u00f9.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u00ean thai nhi:<\/i>\u00a0C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt cho th\u1ea5y methanol c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y d\u1ecb t\u1eadt tr\u00ean x\u01b0\u01a1ng, tim m\u1ea1ch, ti\u1ebft ni\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n kinh trung \u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c\/ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c methanol<\/strong><\/h6>\n

C\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 mu\u1ed9n n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i kh\u00e1m khi c\u00f3 nghi ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi methanol c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 m\u1eaft v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n kinh trung \u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c\/ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c methanol<\/strong><\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd:<\/i>\u00a0C\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\u00a0c\u1ed3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\u00a0methanol, tr\u00e1nh r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tay k\u1ebb x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m r\u1edfm, kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n. T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9a methanol c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n m\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n

– Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m methanol:<\/i><\/p>\n

+ Tu\u00e2n theo \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n an to\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

+ Methanol x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qua da, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, ti\u00eau h\u00f3a. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ea9u trang, m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n, g\u0103ng tay th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c l\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c methanol. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i g\u0103ng nh\u1ef1a\/cao su k\u00edn ng\u0103n methanol h\u1ea5p thu qua da nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i methanol qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed nhi\u1ec5m methanol m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nguy c\u01a1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1eed kh\u1ecfe, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 trang ph\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 (qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o li\u1ec1n m\u0169, g\u0103ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea7y\/\u1ee7ng) k\u00edn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp bao g\u1ed3m m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9c k\u00edn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay, lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ed3n, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 ethanol ho\u1eb7c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n m\u00e1c l\u00e0 ethanol, v\u00ec c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a methanol.\/.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n b\u00e1o S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe & \u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a methanol Methanol\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00ean d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn b\u1ecf qua. Do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a methanol c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng, v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0: M\u00ea-thi-l\u00edc, Alcohol methylique, Methyl alcohol, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":19321,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"limit_modified_date":"","last_modified_date":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[303],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19320","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bai"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19320","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19320"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19320\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19321"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19320"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19320"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19320"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}