{"id":11596,"date":"2021-12-06T21:27:39","date_gmt":"2021-12-06T14:27:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/?p=11596"},"modified":"2021-12-06T21:27:39","modified_gmt":"2021-12-06T14:27:39","slug":"cac-xet-nghiem-xac-dinh-covid-19","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/2021\/12\/06\/cac-xet-nghiem-xac-dinh-covid-19\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh COVID-19"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19 c\u00f3 2 nh\u00f3m x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m SARS-CoV-2 l\u00e0: x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m virus v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a TS. Tr\u1ea7n B\u00e1 Tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/h2>\n
\n

M\u1ed9t x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y khoa c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd hai ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau: \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u c\u00e0ng cao s\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec \u00e2m t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19 c\u00f3 2 nh\u00f3m x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m SARS-CoV-2 l\u00e0: x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m virus v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n virus<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n virus tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. M\u1eabu b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch ngo\u00e1y m\u0169i h\u1ecdng, nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n virus l\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n t\u1eed (molecular test), nh\u01b0 nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT), RT-PCR test, LAMP test, v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean (antigen test) ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c protein tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a virus SARS-CoV-2.<\/p>\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh virus c\u00f3 trong m\u0169i h\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m. Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u00e1y chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 (antibody test)<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n virus gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp. M\u1eabu b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 m\u00e1u, nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ra \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i virus SARS-CoV-2.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 sau khi b\u1ecb l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian sau khi h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c, n\u00ean c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang b\u1ecb COVID-19 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

\n
\"Zalo\"
Trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19 c\u00f3 2 nh\u00f3m x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m SARS-CoV-2 l\u00e0: x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m virus v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m COVID-19 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sau:<\/p>\n

1. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m nhanh kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a SARS-CoV-2<\/p>\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/p>\n

\u2013 Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ca nhi\u1ec5m SARS-CoV-2 do \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 cao: d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh 72% \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, v\u00e0 58% \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng..<\/p>\n

\u2013 D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n

\u2013 K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u01b0\u1edbi 30 ph\u00fat<\/p>\n

\u2013 Chi ph\u00ed r\u1ebb, \u00edt t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m so v\u1edbi x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m RT-PCR<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/p>\n

\u2013 \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh ch\u00e9o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c virus kh\u00e1c. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n COVID -19 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m th\u00eam RT-PCR.<\/p>\n

\u2013 K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m nhanh kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean \u00e2m t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u00e1ch ly.<\/p>\n

2. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m RT-PCR<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n virus SARS-CoV-2 \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n COVID-19, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng chu k\u1ef3 CT (cycle threshold) l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 chu k\u1ef3 (v\u00f2ng ) RNA chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb m\u1eabu b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh DNA sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i. Tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng h\u01a1\u0323p F0 nh\u01b0ng co\u0301 ta\u0309i l\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng virus th\u00e2\u0301p, ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng chu k\u1ef3 CT> 30, th\u00ec co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 cho theo d\u00f5i theo do\u0303i, \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u tri\u0323 ta\u0323i nha\u0300.<\/p>\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/p>\n

\u2013 \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cao<\/p>\n

\u2013 C\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/p>\n

\u2013 Th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ea3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e2u<\/p>\n

\u2013 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m cao v\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 l\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1<\/p>\n

\u2013 Chi ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cao h\u01a1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt test nhanh kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean<\/p>\n

3. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m nhanh kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 (ELISA)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n sinh ra sau khi b\u1ecb l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m SARS-CoV-2.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1edbm nhi\u1ec5m SARS-CoV-2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, khi h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0a s\u1ea3n sinh kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/p>\n

\u2013 Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 trong m\u00e1u gi\u00fap \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch (immunogenicity) c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam vaccine ng\u1eeba COVID-19.<\/p>\n

\u2013 C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c labo trung b\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean cao c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Chi ph\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i so v\u1edbi x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m RT-PCR<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/p>\n

\u2013 X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp, ch\u1ec9 cho bi\u1ebft virus c\u00f3 v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 hay kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

4. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u1eabu g\u1ed9p (POOLED TEST)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a COVID-19, \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch lan r\u1ea5t nhanh, r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng, F0 m\u1ea5t d\u1ea5u, ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n, v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u1eabu g\u1ed9p (pooled testing).<\/p>\n

Theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, m\u1eabu g\u1ed9p g\u1ed3m 5-10 m\u1eabu \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m duy nh\u1ea5t, n\u1ebfu \u00e2m t\u00ednh th\u00ec c\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m g\u1ed9p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u00e2m t\u00ednh, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu m\u1eabu g\u1ed9p d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh th\u00ec s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt CDC th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u cho nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t l\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u1eabu g\u1ed9p r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 khi t\u1ea7m so\u00e1t cho m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec5m SARS-CoV-2 th\u1ea5p, v\u1eeba ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian l\u1eabn nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

TS. Tr\u1ea7n B\u00e1 Tho\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19 c\u00f3 2 nh\u00f3m x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m SARS-CoV-2 l\u00e0: x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m virus v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a TS. Tr\u1ea7n B\u00e1 Tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y khoa c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd hai ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau: \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u c\u00e0ng cao s\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11598,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"limit_modified_date":"","last_modified_date":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[235,248],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11596","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-phong-chong-covid-19","category-xet-nghiem-covid"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11596","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11596"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11596\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11600,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11596\/revisions\/11600"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11598"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11596"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11596"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdcangiang.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11596"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}